The types of GRE exams consist of the GRE General Test and the GRE Subject Tests. These serve distinct purposes in graduate admissions and are not interchangeable. Understanding both types of GRE exams helps applicants choose the right one for their academic goals.
The GRE General Test is the most commonly required exam. It measures verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills. This test is used by a wide range of graduate and business programs to assess overall academic readiness. The General Test is offered year-round at test centers worldwide and in a home-based format.
The GRE Subject Tests, in contrast, evaluate knowledge in specific disciplines. As of 2025, ETS offers Subject Tests in Mathematics, Physics, and Psychology. These are paper-based and administered only a few times per year. Programs in highly specialized fields—such as theoretical physics or pure mathematics—may require or recommend a relevant Subject Test to gauge depth of expertise.
Key Differences Between the Types of GRE Exams
The types of GRE exams differ in content, format, frequency, and purpose. The General Test is skills-based and broad; the Subject Tests are knowledge-based and narrow. Most master’s and PhD applicants need only the General Test. Subject Tests are reserved for competitive or research-intensive PhD programs where domain mastery is critical.
Importantly, you do not take both unless required. Check your target program’s admissions page carefully. Some departments explicitly state “GRE General Test only,” while others may list a Subject Test as optional or mandatory.
Both types of GRE exams are developed and administered by ETS. Scores are reported separately and cannot be substituted for one another. Preparation strategies also differ significantly—General Test prep focuses on reasoning and strategy, while Subject Test prep requires deep content review.
Choosing the correct exam ensures your application meets institutional expectations without unnecessary effort.
Aligning your test choice with program requirements is the first step toward a strong graduate application.