GMAT scores are calculated using a complex, multi-step algorithm specific to its computer-adaptive design. The process does not use a simple percentage of correct answers but evaluates both the difficulty of questions you answer correctly and your consistency throughout the exam. Understanding how GMAT scores are calculated is key to appreciating the test's adaptive nature.
The calculation hinges on two main principles:
- The Computer-Adaptive Algorithm: The test adjusts in real-time. The first question in a section is of medium difficulty. If you answer correctly, the next question is more difficult, which increases your scoring potential. An incorrect answer leads to an easier question, which can lower your potential score.
- The Final Scaled Score: Your raw performance is converted to the official scaled score (205-805 for the total score) using a psychometric model. This model considers the statistical difficulty of every question you saw and your pattern of responses.
Therefore, your score reflects the highest difficulty level you reliably mastered. The process of how GMAT scores are calculated emphasizes performing consistently well on challenging questions. Two test-takers with the same number of correct answers can receive different scores based on the difficulty of their individual question pathways.