Frederick Winslow Taylor
The following is an obituary from March 21, 1915, announcing the death of Frederick Winslow Taylor.
1 PHILADELPHIA, March 21: Frederick Winslow Tayler, originator of the modem scientific management movement, died here today from pneumonia. He was 59 years old, and was a former President of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Among his numerous inventions and discoveries was the Taylor-White process of treating modem high-speed took. He was the author of articles on scientific efficiency. and installed his system in many large industrial establishments.
2 The writings and lectures of Frederic Winslow Taylor formed the basis of the recent reorganization of methods of handing labor in many of the largest industries in the country. The articles of Mr. Taylor on "Scientific Management" in 1911 had a good deal to do with giving its new, special meaning to the word "efficiency" and making it the watchword which it has become since that time.
3 One of his leading doctrines which has made a deep impression on business and industry in this country since that time is that a man who proves incompetent at one jab should be fitted in where he can give good service, instead of being discharged. His life work was chiefly devoted to the simplification of industrial processes to reduce costs and increase Outputs.
4 Mr. Taylor was born at Germantown, Philadelphia, on March 20, 1856, and was graduated from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1883. He won the doubles championship of the United States at tennis at Newport in 1881. He entered the employ of the Midvale Steel Company at Philadelphia in 1878 and was successively gang boss, assistant foreman, foreman of the machine shop, master mechanic, chief draughtsman, and chief engineer.
5 In 1889 he began his special work of re-organizing the management of
Based on the obituary, for what was Taylor best known?
- A. Being president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
- B. Winning a U.S. tennis championship
- C. Inventing a way to treat high-speed tools
- D. Developing theories on scientific management
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
Taylor was best known for developing theories on scientific management, which revolutionized industrial efficiency and productivity. His principles laid the groundwork for modern management practices, making him a pivotal figure in the field. Option A is incorrect; while Taylor may have had connections to engineering societies, he is not primarily recognized for his presidency in any organization. Option B is not applicable, as there is no evidence linking him to tennis achievements. Option C, although related to engineering, does not capture the essence of Taylor's legacy, which centers on management theory rather than specific inventions.
Taylor was best known for developing theories on scientific management, which revolutionized industrial efficiency and productivity. His principles laid the groundwork for modern management practices, making him a pivotal figure in the field. Option A is incorrect; while Taylor may have had connections to engineering societies, he is not primarily recognized for his presidency in any organization. Option B is not applicable, as there is no evidence linking him to tennis achievements. Option C, although related to engineering, does not capture the essence of Taylor's legacy, which centers on management theory rather than specific inventions.
Other Related Questions
The government permits a group of people to protest in front of the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. Which amendment protects this action?
- A. Amendment 1
- B. Amendment 4
- C. Amendment 5
- D. Amendment 10
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: A
The First Amendment protects the right to free speech, assembly, and the right to petition the government, which includes the act of protesting. This foundational freedom allows individuals to express their views publicly, especially in front of significant government buildings like the U.S. Capitol. Amendment 4 focuses on protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which does not pertain to protest rights. Amendment 5 addresses rights related to legal proceedings, such as self-incrimination and due process, while Amendment 10 reserves powers to the states and the people, neither of which directly relates to the act of protesting.
The First Amendment protects the right to free speech, assembly, and the right to petition the government, which includes the act of protesting. This foundational freedom allows individuals to express their views publicly, especially in front of significant government buildings like the U.S. Capitol. Amendment 4 focuses on protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which does not pertain to protest rights. Amendment 5 addresses rights related to legal proceedings, such as self-incrimination and due process, while Amendment 10 reserves powers to the states and the people, neither of which directly relates to the act of protesting.
What is the effect of a debit on a person's checking account?
- A. The account's balance increases.
- B. The account's balance decreases.
- C. The account's interest rate increases.
- D. The account's interest rate decreases.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: B
A debit reduces the available funds in a checking account, leading to a decrease in the account's balance. Therefore, option B accurately reflects this effect. Option A is incorrect since a debit cannot increase the balance; it signifies money being spent or withdrawn. Options C and D relate to interest rates, which are unaffected by debit transactions in a checking account. Interest rates typically depend on the account type and bank policies, not on individual transactions like debits. Hence, they do not apply to the effect of a debit on the account balance.
A debit reduces the available funds in a checking account, leading to a decrease in the account's balance. Therefore, option B accurately reflects this effect. Option A is incorrect since a debit cannot increase the balance; it signifies money being spent or withdrawn. Options C and D relate to interest rates, which are unaffected by debit transactions in a checking account. Interest rates typically depend on the account type and bank policies, not on individual transactions like debits. Hence, they do not apply to the effect of a debit on the account balance.
As president, what power did Woodrow Wilson have to prevent Congress from raising tariffs?
- A. The power to appoint officials
- B. The power to enforce the law
- C. The power to make treaties
- D. The power to veto bills
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
Woodrow Wilson's ability to prevent Congress from raising tariffs stemmed from his power to veto bills. This authority allowed him to reject legislation that he deemed unfavorable, including tariff increases. Option A, the power to appoint officials, does not directly influence tariff legislation. Option B, the power to enforce the law, pertains to executing laws rather than preventing their passage. Option C, the power to make treaties, relates to international agreements and has no bearing on domestic tariff policies. Thus, the veto power was the key tool Wilson could use to block tariff increases.
Woodrow Wilson's ability to prevent Congress from raising tariffs stemmed from his power to veto bills. This authority allowed him to reject legislation that he deemed unfavorable, including tariff increases. Option A, the power to appoint officials, does not directly influence tariff legislation. Option B, the power to enforce the law, pertains to executing laws rather than preventing their passage. Option C, the power to make treaties, relates to international agreements and has no bearing on domestic tariff policies. Thus, the veto power was the key tool Wilson could use to block tariff increases.
In Cartoon 2, the two-faced figure attempts to convince American laborers to support tariffs by appealing to their
- A. fear that foreign workers would work for lower wages.
- B. desire to prove that American-made products were superior to products made by foreign workers.
- C. fear that foreign workers would bring radical political ideas.
- D. desire to share the American standard of living with foreign workers.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: A
The two-faced figure in Cartoon 2 appeals to American laborers' fear that foreign workers would work for lower wages, which threatens their job security and income. This fear is a powerful motivator for supporting tariffs, as it aims to protect domestic jobs from cheaper foreign labor. Option B, while highlighting a desire for quality, does not directly address the immediate economic concern of job security. Option C introduces a political fear, but the cartoon focuses more on economic implications. Option D suggests a sense of altruism, which contrasts with the self-interest driving laborers' decisions regarding tariffs.
The two-faced figure in Cartoon 2 appeals to American laborers' fear that foreign workers would work for lower wages, which threatens their job security and income. This fear is a powerful motivator for supporting tariffs, as it aims to protect domestic jobs from cheaper foreign labor. Option B, while highlighting a desire for quality, does not directly address the immediate economic concern of job security. Option C introduces a political fear, but the cartoon focuses more on economic implications. Option D suggests a sense of altruism, which contrasts with the self-interest driving laborers' decisions regarding tariffs.