Selected Amendments from the Bill of Rights
This passage consists of five amendments from the Bill of Rights.
Amendment 1
1 Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Amendment 4
2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Amendment 5
3 No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime. unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger, nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law: nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Amendment 6
4 In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his
New evidence is discovered for a case in which the person charged with the crime has already been found 'not guilty.' Which amendment prohibits the state from trying that person again on the same charges?
- A. Amendment 4
- B. Amendment 5
- C. Amendment 6
- D. Amendment 10
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: B
The Fifth Amendment includes the protection against double jeopardy, which prohibits an individual from being tried again for the same crime after a verdict of not guilty. This principle ensures that once a person has been acquitted, they cannot face the same charges again, regardless of new evidence. Option A, the Fourth Amendment, deals with protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which is unrelated to criminal trials. Option C, the Sixth Amendment, guarantees rights related to criminal prosecutions, such as the right to a speedy trial and an impartial jury, but does not address double jeopardy. Option D, the Tenth Amendment, reserves powers to the states and the people, but does not pertain to criminal prosecution rights.
The Fifth Amendment includes the protection against double jeopardy, which prohibits an individual from being tried again for the same crime after a verdict of not guilty. This principle ensures that once a person has been acquitted, they cannot face the same charges again, regardless of new evidence. Option A, the Fourth Amendment, deals with protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which is unrelated to criminal trials. Option C, the Sixth Amendment, guarantees rights related to criminal prosecutions, such as the right to a speedy trial and an impartial jury, but does not address double jeopardy. Option D, the Tenth Amendment, reserves powers to the states and the people, but does not pertain to criminal prosecution rights.
Other Related Questions
Which statement is true about the four countries that accepted the passengers?
- A. They had camps similar to those established by Germany.
- B. They were allies during World War II.
- C. They had Europe's largest populations prior to World War I.
- D. They each shared a border with Germany.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: B
Option B is accurate as the four countries that accepted the passengers were indeed allies during World War II, collaborating against the Axis powers. Option A is incorrect because these countries did not establish camps similar to those in Germany; instead, they provided refuge to those fleeing persecution. Option C is misleading; while some of these countries had significant populations, they were not necessarily the largest in Europe prior to World War I. Option D is false as not all of the countries shared a border with Germany, which limits the applicability of this statement.
Option B is accurate as the four countries that accepted the passengers were indeed allies during World War II, collaborating against the Axis powers. Option A is incorrect because these countries did not establish camps similar to those in Germany; instead, they provided refuge to those fleeing persecution. Option C is misleading; while some of these countries had significant populations, they were not necessarily the largest in Europe prior to World War I. Option D is false as not all of the countries shared a border with Germany, which limits the applicability of this statement.
The government permits a group of people to protest in front of the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. Which amendment protects this action?
- A. Amendment 1
- B. Amendment 4
- C. Amendment 5
- D. Amendment 10
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: A
The First Amendment protects the right to free speech, assembly, and the right to petition the government, which includes the act of protesting. This foundational freedom allows individuals to express their views publicly, especially in front of significant government buildings like the U.S. Capitol. Amendment 4 focuses on protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which does not pertain to protest rights. Amendment 5 addresses rights related to legal proceedings, such as self-incrimination and due process, while Amendment 10 reserves powers to the states and the people, neither of which directly relates to the act of protesting.
The First Amendment protects the right to free speech, assembly, and the right to petition the government, which includes the act of protesting. This foundational freedom allows individuals to express their views publicly, especially in front of significant government buildings like the U.S. Capitol. Amendment 4 focuses on protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, which does not pertain to protest rights. Amendment 5 addresses rights related to legal proceedings, such as self-incrimination and due process, while Amendment 10 reserves powers to the states and the people, neither of which directly relates to the act of protesting.
Which basic principle of governance in the U.S. maintains that legislatures write the laws, executives carry out the laws, and courts interpret the laws?
- A. Federalism
- B. Limited government
- C. Separation of powers
- D. Popular sovereignty
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: C
The principle of governance that ensures legislatures write laws, executives enforce them, and courts interpret them is known as the Separation of Powers. This framework prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, promoting a system of checks and balances essential for democracy. Option A, Federalism, refers to the division of power between national and state governments, not the roles of branches. Option B, Limited Government, emphasizes restrictions on government power but does not specifically address the functions of branches. Option D, Popular Sovereignty, focuses on the authority of the people in governance, rather than the separation of government functions.
The principle of governance that ensures legislatures write laws, executives enforce them, and courts interpret them is known as the Separation of Powers. This framework prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful, promoting a system of checks and balances essential for democracy. Option A, Federalism, refers to the division of power between national and state governments, not the roles of branches. Option B, Limited Government, emphasizes restrictions on government power but does not specifically address the functions of branches. Option D, Popular Sovereignty, focuses on the authority of the people in governance, rather than the separation of government functions.
The U.S. Supreme Court considered a case in which a political activist was jailed for stating publicly that World War I was a rich man's war but a poor man's fight. To which case is this case most similar?
- A. Commonwealth v. Hunt
- B. Muller v. Oregon
- C. Schenck v. United States
- D. Brown v. Board of Education
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: C
The case involving the political activist parallels **Schenck v. United States** due to its focus on free speech during wartime. In Schenck, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of an individual for distributing anti-draft leaflets, emphasizing that speech could be limited if it posed a "clear and present danger." **Commonwealth v. Hunt** pertains to labor unions and the legality of their activities, making it unrelated to free speech issues. **Muller v. Oregon** deals with labor laws and women's rights, not political expression. **Brown v. Board of Education** addresses racial segregation in schools, which diverges from the context of wartime speech and activism.
The case involving the political activist parallels **Schenck v. United States** due to its focus on free speech during wartime. In Schenck, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of an individual for distributing anti-draft leaflets, emphasizing that speech could be limited if it posed a "clear and present danger." **Commonwealth v. Hunt** pertains to labor unions and the legality of their activities, making it unrelated to free speech issues. **Muller v. Oregon** deals with labor laws and women's rights, not political expression. **Brown v. Board of Education** addresses racial segregation in schools, which diverges from the context of wartime speech and activism.