Read the passage(s) below and answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage(s) and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Passage
During the early development of a new idea, scientists behave rather like artists, driven by temperament. We start off with a hunch, a feeling, even a desire that the world be one way, and then we proceed from that presentiment, often sticking with it long after the data suggest we may be leading ourselves and others down a blind alley. What saves us is that experiment acts as the ultimate referee, settling all disputes. No matter how strong our hunch is, at some point we will have to prove it with facts. Otherwise our hunch, nо matter how strongly held, will remain just that.
Adapted from Donald Goldsmith and Marcia Bartusiak, E Einstein. His Life, His Thought, and His Influence on Our Culture ©2006 by The Reference Works, Inc
In the first two sentences ('During'... 'alley'), scientists are presented as all of the following EXCEPT
- A. predisposed
- B. determined
- C. inherently logical
- D. overly zealous
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: C
The passage describes scientists as predisposed, determined, and overly zealous, highlighting their passion and commitment to their work. Option A suggests an inclination towards inquiry, while B emphasizes their resolve in seeking answers. D portrays them as excessively enthusiastic, which aligns with the tone of the text. In contrast, option C, "inherently logical," implies a strict adherence to rationality without acknowledging the emotional and passionate aspects of scientific pursuit. This distinction makes C the only option that does not accurately reflect the portrayal of scientists in the sentences.
The passage describes scientists as predisposed, determined, and overly zealous, highlighting their passion and commitment to their work. Option A suggests an inclination towards inquiry, while B emphasizes their resolve in seeking answers. D portrays them as excessively enthusiastic, which aligns with the tone of the text. In contrast, option C, "inherently logical," implies a strict adherence to rationality without acknowledging the emotional and passionate aspects of scientific pursuit. This distinction makes C the only option that does not accurately reflect the portrayal of scientists in the sentences.
Other Related Questions
The final paragraph suggests that seeing the woman has caused the narrator to
- A. face the negative feelings she has about her new home
- B. realize that she misses her mother more than she admits
- C. think about her own feelings about her family and background
- D. remember the reason she moved away from her home country
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: C
The final paragraph indicates that the narrator's encounter with the woman prompts deep reflection on personal emotions and familial connections. This aligns with option C, as it emphasizes the narrator's introspection regarding her family and background. Option A is incorrect; while the narrator may have complex feelings about her new home, the focus is not solely on negativity. Option B suggests a specific longing for her mother, which is not explicitly stated in the text. Option D implies a focus on the reasons for moving, but the narrator's thoughts center more on her feelings than on past decisions. Thus, option C best captures the essence of the narrator's experience.
The final paragraph indicates that the narrator's encounter with the woman prompts deep reflection on personal emotions and familial connections. This aligns with option C, as it emphasizes the narrator's introspection regarding her family and background. Option A is incorrect; while the narrator may have complex feelings about her new home, the focus is not solely on negativity. Option B suggests a specific longing for her mother, which is not explicitly stated in the text. Option D implies a focus on the reasons for moving, but the narrator's thoughts center more on her feelings than on past decisions. Thus, option C best captures the essence of the narrator's experience.
Daryl and Kristen preferred not to see the latest horror film that their friends wanted to see, so they chose a showing of a highly rated comedy film that started and ended at the same time as the horror film.
- A. reciprocal
- B. congruent
- C. relevant
- D. concurrent
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
Daryl and Kristen chose to watch a comedy film that started and ended simultaneously with the horror film, indicating that both films occur at the same time. This situation is described as "concurrent," meaning events happening simultaneously. Option A, "reciprocal," refers to mutual actions or relationships, which does not apply here. Option B, "congruent," typically relates to figures or shapes that are identical in form, not relevant to film timings. Option C, "relevant," pertains to the significance of information, which doesn't capture the timing aspect of the films. Thus, "concurrent" accurately describes the films' overlapping schedules.
Daryl and Kristen chose to watch a comedy film that started and ended simultaneously with the horror film, indicating that both films occur at the same time. This situation is described as "concurrent," meaning events happening simultaneously. Option A, "reciprocal," refers to mutual actions or relationships, which does not apply here. Option B, "congruent," typically relates to figures or shapes that are identical in form, not relevant to film timings. Option C, "relevant," pertains to the significance of information, which doesn't capture the timing aspect of the films. Thus, "concurrent" accurately describes the films' overlapping schedules.
At the end of Passage 2. ('While... them'), the expert emphasizes
- A. function over form
- B. theory over practice
- C. ethics over ambition
- D. quality over quantity
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
The emphasis on quality over quantity highlights the importance of substance in achieving meaningful results. Focusing on quality ensures that efforts lead to impactful outcomes, rather than merely increasing the number of tasks or projects. Option A, function over form, suggests prioritizing practicality, which is not the main point in this context. Option B, theory over practice, implies valuing ideas over action, contradicting the emphasis on tangible quality. Option C, ethics over ambition, shifts the focus to moral considerations rather than the value of high-quality efforts. Thus, the passage underscores the significance of quality in any endeavor.
The emphasis on quality over quantity highlights the importance of substance in achieving meaningful results. Focusing on quality ensures that efforts lead to impactful outcomes, rather than merely increasing the number of tasks or projects. Option A, function over form, suggests prioritizing practicality, which is not the main point in this context. Option B, theory over practice, implies valuing ideas over action, contradicting the emphasis on tangible quality. Option C, ethics over ambition, shifts the focus to moral considerations rather than the value of high-quality efforts. Thus, the passage underscores the significance of quality in any endeavor.
What assumption does the author of the passage make?
- A. Gases produced by algae will be cheaper to produce than other gases.
- B. The Department of Energy is already using hydrogen-producing algae as a source of energy.
- C. Mutant versions of algae will not be capable of the process of photosynthesis.
- D. Readers do not associate the Department of Energy with algae research.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
The assumption that readers do not associate the Department of Energy with algae research highlights a potential gap in public awareness, which the author seeks to address. Option A incorrectly suggests a comparison of costs that may not be discussed in the passage. Option B assumes current use of hydrogen-producing algae by the Department of Energy, which may not be established in the text. Option C presumes that mutant algae cannot photosynthesize, which overlooks the possibility of their adaptability. Each of these options misinterprets the author's intent and the context provided in the passage.
The assumption that readers do not associate the Department of Energy with algae research highlights a potential gap in public awareness, which the author seeks to address. Option A incorrectly suggests a comparison of costs that may not be discussed in the passage. Option B assumes current use of hydrogen-producing algae by the Department of Energy, which may not be established in the text. Option C presumes that mutant algae cannot photosynthesize, which overlooks the possibility of their adaptability. Each of these options misinterprets the author's intent and the context provided in the passage.